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      Unit 2 In the lab

      發(fā)布時間:2016-7-5 編輯:互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 手機版

      SEFC Book 1A

      Unit 2 In the lab

      【目的與要求】

      通過對課文"Look carefully and learn" 的學習,掌握英語中表示命令的請求的句式。

      【知識要點】

      1. 日常交際用語:

      Here are some dos and don'ts.

      Follow…instructions.

      What sure that…

      Do what he or she tells you to do.

      2. 祈使名在直接引語和間接引語中的變化

      【重點與難點分析】

      Lesson 5 Dialogue

      1. show的用法

      ①to offer for seeing (拿給人看) Show sth (to sb)或 show sb.sth.

      He showed his ticket at the door. 在門口的時候他拿出了他的票。

      The doctor said,"Can you show me your tongue? 醫(yī)生說:"能讓我看一下你的舌頭嗎?"

      ② to go with and guide or direct. (引導、帶領)

      May I show you to your seat? 可以讓我?guī)愕侥愕淖粏幔?/p>

      Show the gentleman in. 把那位先生領進來。

      ③ make known or clear. 表明,說明。

      The results show that you are right. 結(jié)果證明你是對的。

      The introduction shows you how to use this machine. 介紹教給你怎樣使用這臺機器。

      2. Have been 和have gone

      ①Have you been in this lab before?

      ②My father has goon to Shanghai on business.

      ③- " Where is Lily? "

      --" She has gone to the library."

      --" Do you know where it is? "

      --Sure, I have been there many times. I will show you the way.

      --Thank you.

      注:have been to/in 強調(diào)過去式或去過多少次,著重指到目前的一個結(jié)果。

      Have gone to 講的是現(xiàn)在的情況,著重指現(xiàn)在人不在,只用于第三人稱。

      3、Before和ago

      ①I have never seen such a good film before. 我以前從未看過這么好的電影。

      ②He finished this job not long before. 他不久前剛完成這項工作。

      ③注:before可以單獨使用,表"以前",也可以和ever, never, 或者示時間段連用,

      如,ten years before,常與完成時連用。

      We first met you two years ago 我們2年前第一次見到你

      注:ago從不單獨使用,也不能與ever, never連用。但可與表示時間段的詞連用,表多長時間前,所以必須用過去時。

      4、Once的用法

      ①Once you are (in) here, listen to your teacher's instructions.

      一旦你來到這兒,就要聽從老師的要求。

      ②Once you Understand my words, you will believe me.

      一旦你聽懂了我的話,你就會相信。

      注:上面兩個例名中once是連詞,主句的動作是從句動作的條件,表"一旦"

      ①Take this medicine once a day. 這藥一天吃一次。

      ②Try it once more. 再試一次。

      ③Take it away at once! 馬上把拿來!

      5. Unless的用法

      Unless = if not 如果不…就…

      ①He told me that he wouldn'tt go to the party unless was invited.

      他說如果不被邀請他就不去參加那個晚會。

      ②Stay home unless I phone.

      除非我打電話,否則一直呆在家里別出去。

      6. Sure的用法

      ① I'm sure of his honesty.

      sure that he is honest. 我相信他是誠實的。

      注:be sure of + 名詞/that …

      ②He is sure to come. 他一定會來。

      ③make sure

      I remember that there is a plane at 8:30 PM, but you'd better make sure.

      我記得晚上8:30有一次航班,不過你最好去確定一下。

      Please make sure how many professors will take part in this meeting.

      請去確認一下有多少教授會來參加這個會。

      7. allow sb to do sth. 允許某人做某事。

      ①After finishing the homework, the boy is allowed to watch TV.

      寫完作業(yè)以后,男孩被允許去看電視。

      ②Once the concert starts, nobody is allowed to enter the concert hall.

      一旦音樂會開始了,沒人可以進去。

      ③No smoking allowed.

      禁止吸煙。

      8. 這課書的一些動賓搭配

      Tidy the lab. 打掃實驗室。

      Turn on / off the lights / electricity. 打開/關上/電燈/電器

      Shut the door / windows. 關門/窗

      Lock the door. 鎖門

       

      Lesson 6 Look carefully and learn

      9. make的語法

      make +賓語 +賓補

      ①Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work.

      馬克思把倫敦作為他革命工作的基地。

      ②Would you like to make yourself known to us?

      你愿意做一下自我介紹嗎?

      ③You may take a horse to the water, but you can not make him drink.

      ④What you did made me sad.

      你的所做所為使我很難過。

      注:make后面作賓語補足語的不定式不帶to,但被動語態(tài)須帶to。 如:

      ⑤He was made to be our leader.

       

      10. Sound, smell, taste, feel, look, 表示人的感覺的連系動詞

      ①The surface of the table feels rough.

      桌面感覺很粗糙。

      ②This plan sounds good.

      這個計劃聽起來還不氏。

      ③The dish tastes terrible

      這道茶味道不太好。

      ④You look pale, you'd better go to see a doctor.

      你面色蒼白,最好去看醫(yī)生。

      ⑤The neat smells bad.

      肉變味了。

       

      11.Instead和instead of

      ① I went to Guangzhou by air instead of by train.

      我乘飛機去廣州,沒坐火車。

      ②Mary played the piano at the concert instead of playing the violin.

      Mary didn't play the violin at the concert, instead , she played the piano.

      音樂會上,Mary沒拉小提琴,而是彈鋼琴。

      注:instead of 后面接名詞、代詞、動詞 ing 形式,改寫成instead 句型時要注意②的變化。

      12. return

      ①When does he return from school?

      他什么時候放學回家?

      ②MiLu Deer returned to china.

      麋鹿重逢中國。

      ③Please return the book to the library on time.

      請按時把書還給圖書館。

      注:return有back的意思,所以不能用return back。另外還用pay back (the money)to sb. 而不用return to。

      13. None和no one

      ①None of us know(s) you. 我們沒人認識你。

      No one knows you. 沒人認識你。

      ②None of these dictionaries belongs to me?

      沒有一本字典是我的。

      注:None通常與of邊用,表二個以上全部否定。即可以指"沒有一個人",也可以指"沒有一個物",但no one只指人,不指物,也不能與of邊,謂語動詞可單可復。

      14. Enough

      ①The students didn't look carefully enough.

      學生們看得不夠仔細。

      ②He is old enough to dress himself.

      他能自己空衣服了。

      ③We don't have enough money to buy it.

      我們沒有足夠的錢去買它。

      ④There isn't enough room to hold so many people.

      這沒有足夠的地方容納這么多人。

      注:enough修飾名詞時放在前 enough+n. 修飾形容詞或副詞時放在后adj/adv+enough.

      15. On holiday 度假

      ① The old couples are on holiday in London.

      老夫雪在倫敦度假。

      16. While 并列邊詞,表句意轉(zhuǎn)折

      ① Mother is watching TV, while father is reading the newspapers.

      媽媽在看電視,爸爸在讀報紙。

      ② You like sports, while I like music.

      你喜歡體育,我喜歡音樂。

      17. 直接引語和間接引語

      本單元的語法重點是直接引語和間接引語,本單元的checkpoint中例舉了四對例句,表明轉(zhuǎn)述祈使句時的變化,現(xiàn)作歸納講解。

      ① 如果直接引語是表示請求的口氣,則間接引語用 ask sb.to do sth.

      如果直接引語是表示命令的口氣,則間接引語用 tell / order sb.to do sth.

      ② 否定式是not to do sth.

      ③ 注意人稱,時態(tài)做相應變化。

      例: "Do not eat cold food " , the doctor said.

      →the doctor told the patient not to eat cold food.

      D "Do some shopping for me , please." ,he said to her.

      →He asked her to do some shopping for him.

      Y "You must do everything as I do" ,the professor said.

      →The professor ordered his students to do everything as he did.

      【典型例題】

      1.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him __. (95年高考)

      A.not to B. Not to do C.not to it D.do not to

      2.You will be late ______ you leave immediately. (96年高考)

      A.unless B.until C.if D.or

      3.I can hardly hear the radio, Would you please ___________ .

      A.turn it on B.turn it down C.turn it up D.turn it off

      4.When he was sixty years old, he __________ his hometown.

      A.returned B.returned back C.returned to D.went back

      5.Mr Green is ill, so today Miss Zhou teaching his class_____________ .

      A.instead B.instead of C.insead him D.to take place

      6.His explanation ______________ strange, but in fact it is reasonable.

      A.sounds. B.sounded C.is sounded D.sound

      7._________ How much water is left- ?

      A.No one. B.None. C.Nothing D.Nobody.

      8.That is ___________ me.

      A. enough good to. B.enough good for. C.good enough for. D.good enoough to.

      9.What about for a drink?

      A.going out. B.go out. C.went out. D.you go out.

      10. You can see a post office the other side of the street.

      A.by. B.at. C.in. D.on.

      請將下列句子進行直接引語和間接引語的互換。

      1.He said to her, "Go away! "

      2.Mother said to me, Come back before 10:00.

      3.She asked us to sit down.

      4.He told the boys not to make so much noise.

      5.She told us not to touch anything.

       

      【答案】

      1-5. A.A.C.C.A. 6-10. A.B.C.A.D.

      1.He ordered her to go away.

      2.Mother told me to come back before 10:00.

      3.She said to as ,"please sit down."

      4.He said , "Don't make so much noise ,boys."

      5.She said, "Don't tough anything."

      分析:1.本題考查祈使句轉(zhuǎn)為間接引語的用法,完整的句子應為 "His mother told him not to ride in the street." 為了避免重復,省略了ride in the street.

      2.本題考查詞義辨析。unless為"除非,"unit (為 …才,常用來表延續(xù)動作)

      或狀態(tài)直到某時刻結(jié)束,如選①應為Leave immediately, or you will be late.

      3.turn on 為"打開",turn off為"關閉", turn up為"把…調(diào)高.

      turn down"把…調(diào)低"

      4.return是不及物動詞,返回某地要用return to.

      5.instead of是介詞短語,表示"代替了…"實際上是"舍"。Instead是副詞,表示"取" 本句意思為:格林先生病了,于是周小姐替他上課。

      6.none表示三者以上的否定,兩者的否定用neither,常回答以How many或How much

      7.開頭的疑問句,既可表示人也可表示物。

      no one一般指人,回答以who開頭的疑問句。

      8.enough后常接for或不定式,表示結(jié)果,此句為"對我來說夠好了。"另外還有:You

      are kind enough to help us.肯幫助我們,你真好。

      9.what about? …怎么樣? 因為about是介詞,所以后面要跟動名詞或句詞。

      10.on the side of 指兩邊或這邊與那邊相對,by the side of 表示在…旁邊,

      at the side of 意為在…的邊上。

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