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      四級(jí)翻譯的試題參考

      時(shí)間:2021-06-10 18:10:54 試題 我要投稿

      四級(jí)翻譯的試題參考

        四級(jí)翻譯(9.16)

      四級(jí)翻譯的試題參考

        1.The heavy rain outside __________(使我不能專(zhuān)心完成任務(wù)).

        2.In order to control the spreading of AIDS,we must __________(不惜一切代價(jià)加以預(yù)防).

        3.___________(只要你繼續(xù)努力工作),you will surely realize your dream sooner or later.

        4.Please contact our customer services department if you _____________(對(duì)我們的產(chǎn)品有任何疑問(wèn)).

        5._______________(必須提醒人們注意防范)as the thunderstorm is coming.

        答案解析:

        1.distracts myself from fulfilling my assignment

        “使不能專(zhuān)心”意即“使分心”,用distract sb.from sth./doing結(jié)構(gòu)。“完成任務(wù)”可用finish assignment,也可用fulfill assignment表示,后者為四級(jí)常考詞組。因?yàn)楦诮樵~from后面,所以把動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閯?dòng)名詞fulfilling或finishing。“任務(wù)”還可以表達(dá)為task。

        2.prevent this at all costs

        “預(yù)防”的表達(dá):prevent或guard against,用在must之后,不必變換形式。“不惜一切代價(jià)”的表達(dá)是at all costs或at all expenses。

        3.As long as you keep on working hard

        條件狀語(yǔ)從句:as long as引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句通常用一般時(shí)。keep on意為“繼續(xù)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)“堅(jiān)持下去”的意思;“努力工作”可用work hard來(lái)表達(dá),根據(jù)語(yǔ)法需要變?yōu)閣orking hard。

        4.have any doubts/questions about our products

        if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句:從句描述一般情況,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。“對(duì)…有疑問(wèn)”的表達(dá):have doubts/questions about。

        5. People have to be reminded of the prevention

        表示“必須”的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,一般用have to,表示主觀不愿意被提醒;也可用must,表示愿意被提醒。people作為全句的主語(yǔ),與“提醒”之間屬被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。“提醒”的固定表達(dá)為remind sb.of sth.。

        “防范”即“預(yù)防”,用prevent的名詞形式prevention。

        英語(yǔ)

        四級(jí)翻譯(9.17)

        1.____________________(無(wú)論別人怎么說(shuō)),he held on to his beliefs.

        2.You had better not disturb Mary as she ___________________(正專(zhuān)心于解一道難題).

        3.The last survey shows that Chinese people tend to _________(消耗兩倍多的鹽)they actually need.

        4.At the end of the opening ceremony,________________(大家期待你作簡(jiǎn)要的介紹).

        5.The Committee made adequate preparations for the conference ____________(以便大會(huì)能順利召開(kāi)).

        答案解析:

        1.No matter what was said//Whatever was said

        讓步狀語(yǔ)從句:no matter what/when/where/who/which/how結(jié)構(gòu)可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),意思是“無(wú)論什么,無(wú)論何時(shí),無(wú)論何處,無(wú)論誰(shuí),無(wú)論哪一個(gè),無(wú)論如何”,分別等同于whatever/whenever/wherever/whoever/whichever/howver,句中“無(wú)論別人怎么說(shuō)”,意即“無(wú)論別人說(shuō)什么”,用no matter what或whatever引導(dǎo)。

        從句中what/whatever作主語(yǔ),與“說(shuō)”直接屬于被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

        2.is absored/involved in working on a puzzle

        “專(zhuān)心于”的表達(dá)是be absorbed in或be involved in,后面需接名詞性成分。work on的使用。Work on意為“從事,忙于”,根據(jù)語(yǔ)法需要變?yōu)閣orking on。

        3.consume twice more salt than

        考查比較級(jí):英語(yǔ)當(dāng)中涉及到倍數(shù)的表達(dá)時(shí),一般用“數(shù)詞+名詞+than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。涉及到倍數(shù)的表達(dá)時(shí),用once(一倍),twice(兩倍),three times(三倍),以此類(lèi)推。本題中所提示的“兩倍多”,故不能少more。“消耗”的英文表達(dá)為consume。

        4.you are expected to give/make a brief introduction

        考查慣用句型:中文句子主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)分別是:我們,期望,你。但在譯文中,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)句子是以you開(kāi)頭,也就是說(shuō)“你被期待作簡(jiǎn)要發(fā)言”。在很多情況下,當(dāng)漢語(yǔ)句子以“我們”,“人們”,“大家”等泛指性代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),在翻譯成英文常常可以忽略不譯,通常處理成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的you are expected/asked/hoped/desired/suggested to do,較接近英語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。

        考查固定表達(dá):“作…介紹”的表達(dá)為give/make an introduction。

        5.so that it would go on smoothly/successfully

        結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句:待譯部分為主句的結(jié)果,用so that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。待譯部分所說(shuō)動(dòng)作還沒(méi)有發(fā)生,主句用一般過(guò)去式,從句應(yīng)用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)“would+動(dòng)詞原形”。“召開(kāi)”即“進(jìn)行”,可用go on表達(dá);“順利地”意為“成功地,平穩(wěn)地”,用smoothly或successfully均可。

        英語(yǔ)

        四級(jí)翻譯(9.15)

        1.___________(我本該將此事告訴他),but I was so focused on my experiment that I forgot.

        2.These people did nothing _______________(除了整日在街上閑逛),which causes a lot of concern.

        3.Now that you are planning to move to England,you must try to _________________(適應(yīng)多變的氣候).

        4.Tom is an experienced businessman ____________(從事國(guó)際貿(mào)易)for nearly twenty years.

        5._________________(既然你對(duì)唱歌那么有激情),I will treat you to KTV this afternoon.

        答案解析:

        1.I should have told him about this//I ought to have informed him of this

        此處but引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣屬暗含的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,前一部分是虛擬語(yǔ)氣,后一部分是陳述語(yǔ)氣。由于后部分是過(guò)去式的`陳述句,故前半句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣用完成時(shí)態(tài),表示“過(guò)去未做之事”,用“should/ought to have+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。

        “將…告訴…”的表達(dá)是tell sb. about sth.或inform sb.of sth.。

        2.except/but hang around on/in the street all day long

        “除了”的表達(dá)是except或but,do nothing but/except后面用動(dòng)詞原形。But用于nobody,nothing,no one,all等詞后面表示“除…以外”。“閑逛”譯作hang around;“整日”的表達(dá)是all day long。

        3.adapt to its changeable weather

        adapt to 意思是“適合,適應(yīng)”。“多變的”譯作changeable。

        4.who has engaged in international trade

        考查定語(yǔ)從句:待譯部分修飾businessman,應(yīng)由who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。由for nearly twenty years一詞提示應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。“從事”譯為engaged in,為四級(jí)常考詞匯;“國(guó)際貿(mào)易”的表達(dá)是international trade,也可以用foreign trade。

        5.Now that you are so passionate fo singing

        “既然”用now that或since表達(dá),引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。“對(duì)…有激情”的表達(dá)是be passionate for或have passion for。指示代詞:so用于形容詞前,such用于名詞前。

        英語(yǔ)

        四級(jí)翻譯(9.14)

        1._____________(正如食物能給身體提供營(yíng)養(yǎng)),reading can enrich the mind .

        2.Effective measures should be taken to _____________(降低不斷增長(zhǎng)的失業(yè)率).

        3.__________(抱怨是沒(méi)有意義的)since nothing can be changed.

        4.After supper,I always feel like ___________(和露露在公園散步).

        5.To such an extent _____________(西安的氣溫降低)that people all stayed home to keep warm.

        答案解析:

        1.Just as food provides nutrition for the body

        比較狀語(yǔ)從句:(just)as…意為“正如…”,表示同等程度的比較。“給身體提供營(yíng)養(yǎng)”還可以譯為provides the body with nutrition.

        2.decrease the rising unemployment rate

        現(xiàn)在分詞修飾名詞結(jié)構(gòu):“不斷增長(zhǎng)的”可用rising或increasing來(lái)表達(dá)。“失業(yè)率”的表達(dá)應(yīng)為unemployment rate或the rate of unemployment。

        3.It's no sense(in) complaining//It's not sensible to complain

        It is no sense(in)doing“做…是沒(méi)有意義的”。“抱怨”用complain表達(dá)。

        4.taking a walk in the park with Lulu

        固定搭配:“想要做某事”的固定搭配為feel like doing sth.。“散步”的表達(dá)為take a walk,也可用go for a walk。

        5.did the temperature in Xi'an go down

        考查倒裝:當(dāng)so和such及其介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí),主句需要部分倒裝,把助動(dòng)詞移至主語(yǔ)前。“降低”的表達(dá)為go down或decrease。時(shí)態(tài)一致:主從句的時(shí)態(tài)要一致,從句用過(guò)去時(shí),故主句也用過(guò)去時(shí)。

        英語(yǔ)

        四級(jí)翻譯(9.11)

        1.You would have been better now if ___________(你過(guò)去堅(jiān)持吃藥).

        2.In______________(鑒于他違背了媽媽的意愿),his father gave him a little hard work to do.

        3.The police warned citizens against keeping a large sum of cash at home ____________(以防被盜).

        4._____________(當(dāng)談及代購(gòu)問(wèn)題),all students are eager to say something about their experience.

        5.It is common konwledge ____________(在經(jīng)濟(jì)上中國(guó)僅次于美國(guó)) at present.

        答案解析:

        1.you had kept taking/having this medicine before

        考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣:表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“had+過(guò)去分詞”,主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should(第一人稱)或would(第二,三人稱)have+過(guò)去分詞”。“堅(jiān)持做某事”的表達(dá)是keep doing sth。

        “吃藥”的表達(dá)是take/have medicine。

        2.view of his going against his mother's will

        “鑒于”的表達(dá)是in view of,后面跟名詞性成分。“違背”的表達(dá)是go against。“意愿”的表達(dá)為will。

        3.lest it (should) be stolen//in case it (should)/will be stolen

        考查目的狀語(yǔ)從句:lest意思是“以防,以免”,其引導(dǎo)的從句通常用sb.(should)do 的形式表示虛擬,句中指“錢(qián)財(cái)被盜”,用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。In case “以防”也可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句,但從句的謂語(yǔ)可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,也可用直陳語(yǔ)氣。

        考查代詞it:從句中的“以防被盜”指cash,為了避免重復(fù),用it指代。

        4.When it comes to generation gap//When talking about generation gap

        考查“當(dāng)談及…”這一常考固定結(jié)構(gòu):when it comes to+sb./sth或者when talking about +sb./sth.。“代溝”的表達(dá):generation gap。

        5.that China is next to America in terms of economy

        that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句既可放于句首,也可放在句末,但為了保持句子平衡,常用it作形式主語(yǔ),把真正的主語(yǔ)從句放在句后。“僅次于”的表達(dá)為be next/second to。“在…上”可表達(dá)為in terms of或者直接用介詞in。

        英語(yǔ)

        四級(jí)翻譯(9.10)

        1.By the end of this year ___________(這本書(shū)將出版).

        2.That advantages of bicycle outweigh its disadvantages and it will ________________(在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)發(fā)揮重要作用).

        3.After days of heavy rains,the sun ______________(終于從云層后面露出來(lái)了).

        4.He has got into the habit of __________________(在房間亂扔?xùn)|西).

        5.______(凡是對(duì)油畫(huà)感興趣的人)may get a free ticket to the art show.

        答案解析:

        1.the book will have been published // the book will have come out

        考查時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):由by the end of this year“今年年底”判斷要用將來(lái)完成時(shí),而book與publish之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用將來(lái)完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)will have been published。如果用come out 表達(dá)的話不必用被動(dòng)式。

        “出版”的表達(dá)常用publish或come out。

        2.play an important/essential role in modern society

        “發(fā)揮作用”的表達(dá)為play a role in。“重要的”表達(dá)可以用important或essential;“現(xiàn)代社會(huì)”的表達(dá)為modern society。

        3.emerged from behind the clouds at last

        為了準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)方位,from后面可接另外一個(gè)介詞賓語(yǔ),behind the clouds整體表示一個(gè)位置;云層后面。本句敘述的是過(guò)去的事情,所以用過(guò)去式。“露出來(lái)”的表達(dá)為emerge或come out。

        4.答案:leaving things about/everywhere in his room

        “養(yǎng)成某習(xí)慣”的固定搭配為get into the habit of doing sth。“亂扔?xùn)|西”的表達(dá)為leave things about/everywhere。

        5.Whoever is interested in oil painting

        考查主語(yǔ)從句:Whoever意思是“無(wú)論是誰(shuí)”,它在引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句中可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。“對(duì)…感興趣”的表達(dá)是be interested in或have/take an interest in。

        “油畫(huà)”的表達(dá)是oil painting。


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